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Tuesday, January 13, 2015

8 Things No One Will Tell You About Marriage (not my article)

I am posting this article as a reminder to myself.  But, first I am going to start with a quote:

Marriage has less beauty but more safety than the single life.  It is full of sorrows and full of joys.  It lies under more burdens but is supported by all the strengths of love and those burdens are delightful. 

- Bishop Jeremy Taylor

8 Things No One Tells You About Marriage

By Ylonda Gault Caviness

The surprising, enlightening, and sometimes hard truths we all face after marriage, and how they teach us about what love really means.
"...And they lived happily ever after."

You're smart. You know life is no storybook. But admit it: Somewhere deep in your subconscious lurk romantic visions of Cinderella, or maybe Julia Roberts. The images may be sketchy and a little outdated, but you can still make out the silhouette of the bride and Prince Charming riding off into the sunset.

In real life, sometimes your Disney fairy tale ends up feeling more like a Wes Craven horror flick — and you're the chick who keeps falling down and screaming for her life. I've been there. Let's face it, marriage is not for the faint of heart. You want to believe your pure love for each other will pull you through. And it does. But it ain't always pretty.

That may sound grim. But here's a secret: Sometimes it's the least romantic parts of marriage that have the most to teach you about yourself, your partner, and the nature of love. Read on for some simple truths that will unlock the surprising treasures and pleasures in your imperfect, unstorybook, real-life love.

1. You will look at the person lying next to you and wonder, Is this it? Forever?

When you get married, you think that as long as you pick the right guy — your soul mate — you'll be happy together until death do you part. Then you wake up one day and realize that no matter how great he is, he doesn't make you happy every moment of every day. In fact, some days you might wonder why you were in such a hurry to get married in the first place. You think to yourself, This is so not what I signed up for.

Actually, it is. You just didn't realize it the day you and your guy were cramming wedding cake into each other's faces, clinking champagne glasses, and dancing the Electric Slide. Back then you had no idea that "for better and for worse" doesn't kick in only when life hands you a tragedy. Your relationship mettle is, in fact, most tested on a daily basis, when the utter sameness of day-in/day-out togetherness can sometimes make you want to run for the hills. That's when the disappointment sneaks in, and maybe even a palpable sense of loneliness and grief. It's not him. It's just you, letting go of that sugarcoated fantasy of marriage that danced in your eyes the day you and your beloved posed in all those soft-focus wedding photos. You're learning that marriage isn't a destination; it's a journey filled with equal parts excitement and tedium.

Waking up from a good dream to face the harsh morning daylight may not seem like a reason to celebrate. But trust me, it is. Because once you let go of all the hokey stories of eternal bliss, you find that the reality of marriage is far richer and more rewarding than you ever could have guessed. Hard, yes. Frustrating, yes. But full of its own powerful, quiet enchantments just the same, and that's better than any fairy tale.

2. You'll work harder than you ever imagined.

Early on, when people say, "Marriage takes work," you assume "work" means being patient when he forgets to put down the toilet seat. In your naiveté, you think that you will struggle to accommodate some annoying habit, like persistent knuckle cracking or flatulence.

If only it were that easy. Human beings, you may have noticed, are not simple creatures. Your man has mysterious, unplumbed depths — and from where he sits, you're pretty complicated, too. You have to learn each other the same way that you once learned earth science or world geography. And getting married doesn't mean you're done — it just means you've advanced to graduate-level studies. That's because every time you think you've mastered the material, he'll change a bit. And so will you. As two people grow and evolve, the real work of marriage is finding a way to relate to and nurture each other in the process.

"It's like losing weight," says Andrea Harden, 45, of Buffalo, NY. "You want it to be a one-time deal. You lost it, now just live. But then you learn it's a lifestyle. That's marriage. The effort is a forever thing." So don't be too hard on yourself — or him — on those days when you feel like you're struggling through remedial math.

3. You will sometimes go to bed mad (and maybe even wake up madder).

Whoever decided to tell newlyweds "Never go to bed angry" doesn't know what it's like inside a bedroom where tears and accusations fly as one spouse talks the other into a woozy stupor until night meets the dawn. If this scenario sounds familiar, I've got three words for you: Sleep on it.

You need to calm down. You need to gain perspective. You need to just give it a rest. I've found that an argument of any quality, like a fine wine, needs to breathe. A break in the action will help you figure out whether you're angry, hurt, or both, and then pinpoint the exact source. Maybe the fight that seemed to erupt over the overflowing garbage can is really about feeling underappreciated. Could be you're both stressed out at work and just needed to unload on someone. Taking a break will help you see that, and let go. Or maybe you really do have a legitimate disagreement to work out. Without a time-out, sometimes a perfectly good argument can turn into an endless round of silly back-and-forth, rehashing old and irrelevant transgressions as you get more and more wound up.

Even when you do manage to stay focused and on topic, there are some fights that stubbornly refuse to die by bedtime. And if you stifle your real feelings just to meet some arbitrary deadline, your marriage will surely be the worse for it. "This was a huge lesson for me," says Andrea. "As women we've been trained to make nice. But the whole kiss-and-make-up thing just to keep the peace was eating me up inside. I'd let things build up inside me until I just exploded. Now I wait a while to get hold of myself — let the emotions settle a bit — and state my position. Even if that means reopening the fight the next day."

4. You will go without sex — sometimes for a long time — and that's okay.

Sexless periods are a natural part of married life. A dry spell isn't a sign that you've lost your mojo or that you'll never have sex again. It just means that maybe this week, sleep is more important than sex. (I don't know about you, but between work, 3 a.m. feedings, the PTA, soccer, T-ball, and everything else, I sometimes crave sleep the way a pimply, hormonal adolescent longs to cop a feel.)

And don't kid yourself; no one in America is doing it as often as popular culture would have you believe. Instead of worrying about how much you think you "should" be having sex, keep the focus on figuring out your own rhythm. "I used to think, What's happened to us? We always used to be in the mood," says 35-year-old Kim Henderson of Oakland, CA, who's been married for five years. "Now I know better. Life happens. My husband just started a new job. He has a long commute, and we have two small children. I think we're good."

The key is to make sure that even if you're not doing "it," you're still doing something — touching, kissing, hugging. Personally, my heart gets warm and mushy when my husband rubs my feet after a long, tiring day. He may not be anywhere near my G-spot, but that little bit of touch and attention keeps us connected even when we're not having spine-tingling sex.

5. Getting your way is usually not as important as finding a way to work together.

I can be a bit of a know-it-all. There, I said it. It's really not my intention to be hurtful or brash with people I love. It's just that a lifetime of experience has taught me that in most areas, at most times, I am right about most things. What shocked me several years into my marriage, though, was the realization that the more "right" I was, the more discontented my husband and I were as a couple. See, oddly enough, throughout his life Genoveso has been under the misguided impression that he's right most of the time (go figure!). So we'd lock horns — often. That is, until I learned a few things.

Namely, that when it comes to certain disagreements, there is no right or wrong — there is simply your way of looking at things and your husband's. "I used to be very black-and-white earlier in our marriage," says Lindy Vincent, 38, who lives in Minneapolis. "Now I see that I'm not all right and my husband is not all wrong. There's more gray in life than I thought, and that's taught me patience and the value of compromise."

The more I get to know and appreciate my husband for who he is, the more I respect his positions. That doesn't mean I always agree with him. But I can see the value in striking a balance that satisfies us both. And instead of harping on how wrong he is, I can usually swallow the verbal vitriol and simply say something like, "I see your point" or "I hadn't considered that." After I sincerely acknowledge his view, it seems to become easier for him to hear mine. And because I know I'm being heard, most of the time now, I don't even want to prove how right I am anymore. Funny how that works, isn't it?

6. A great marriage doesn't mean no conflict; it simply means a couple keeps trying to get it right.

As important as it is to strike a balance, it's also important to have a big, fat fight every now and then. Because when you fight, you don't just raise your voices; you raise real — sometimes buried — issues that challenge you to come to a clearer understanding of you, your man, and your relationship. I wouldn't give up our fights for anything in the world, because I know in the end they won't break us; they'll only make us stronger.

7. You'll realize that you can only change yourself.

Ever seen the '80s sci-fi cult classic Making Mr. Right? When the stylish heroine, played by Ann Magnuson, is hired to teach a robot how to act like a human, she seizes the chance to create a perfect guy. A hotshot commercial whiz, she uses her marketing prowess to shape John Malkovich's android character into her personal version of the ideal man — sensitive, eager to please, and willing to listen.

There is a bit of that makeover fantasy in all of us — something that makes us believe we can change the person we love, make him just a little bit closer to perfect. We may use support and empathy or shouts and ultimatums, but with dogged conviction we take on this huge responsibility, convinced we're doing the right thing.

Whatever our motives, the effort is exhausting. Transforming a full-grown man — stripping him of decades-old habits, beliefs, and idiosyncrasies — is truly an impossible task. And you will come to realize, sooner than later if you're lucky, that it is far easier to change the way you respond to him.

Here's a perfect case in point: "I used to go off on my husband because he didn't empty the sink trap when he cleaned the kitchen," says Kimberly Seals Allers, 36, of Bay Shore, NY. "It got me nowhere; my rants only made him resentful. Now I come home and when the kitchen looks clean, I'm like, 'Cool, now all I have to do is empty the sink trap.'"


8. As you face your fears and insecurities, you will find out what you're really made of.

I've got issues. Trust issues. Control issues. And others, I'm sure, that I've yet to fully discover. I guess I've always known I wasn't perfect. But in more than a decade of marriage, I've been smacked upside the head with the cold, hard evidence.

There were clues when my spouse and I were dating, especially with the trust thing. Early on, I was supersuspicious of him. He used to say things like, "I'll call you at 8." Then, just to try to trip me up, he'd call at 8. I knew he was up to something, I just couldn't figure out what. The same kinds of experiences followed after the wedding. Except occasionally he would actually mess up. And I had no sense of scale when it came to rating his offenses; everything was a major violation. Whether he teased me about a new haircut or came home late, I seethed for days and even let thoughts of divorce creep into my head. I figured, if he loved me — really and truly — this stuff wouldn't happen.

I'd like to be able to say that this irrational behavior lasted only a few months and I eventually worked it out. Kind of, sort of, is closer to the truth. After years of looking deeply into my soul and talking to good friends and the best sister a girl could ever have, I've come to recognize certain things about myself. Not to get all Dr. Phil about it, but I've had to examine my history with an emotionally distant dad and a strong-willed mom and face up to all the ways, both good and bad, that those relationships have affected how I approach my marriage.

I still struggle as a work in progress. But I am completely clear in the knowledge that many of the deepest frustrations in your relationship are an opportunity for you to confront yourself. That can be difficult to accept — after all, it's so much more comforting to keep a running tab of your hubby's deficits and tell yourself that his failings are the only thing standing between you and a better marriage. But if you let it, this bumpy journey toward self-awareness can be one of the more fulfilling rewards of a committed, long-term relationship — you'll learn to love your quirks and be compassionate toward yourself, just as you're learning to do with him.

That's the strange beauty of marriage: It's full of hard times and hard lessons that no one can ever prepare you for. But in the end, those are the things that give richness to your life together — and make your love even deeper and stronger than when it began.

Monday, November 15, 2010

Its been a while....

I've been swamped with school & work. And I do have comments on the world we live in & the global events - I have saved the comments & opinions to myself as I continue to focus on my studies.

A break... things are looking up, I think. I have a small break from school and have resigned from my employer. This is a good thing, definitely, as I have had consistent conflicts with my boss and the turnover within my department has been higher than ever before. But as I disembark from my current employer, better things are on my way, even if that means being unemployed for a while. Trust me, I will stay busy with school and with job inquiries.

Two more weeks at my employer before I break free from the chains of bureautical manipulation. I'm counting down the days.

Saturday, July 11, 2009

The ignorance of some college students & the need for Cultural Diversity as a mandatory subject

I had no idea that people existed today that were in such denial & plain ignorance about discrimination, prejudices, and racism. Actually, I did but I didn't think that I would encounter these individuals in college class, of all places. It sickens me to no end to hear some of the comments made by students in my Cultural Diversity class during participation week!

As these students insinuate that it is no fair that white people cannot be proud of "white pride" or complain about not having "White History" month because black people have "Black History Month" in February. Boo-freakin-hoo!! Oh, white people have it so rough.... because they have to pay for and be ashamed of mistakes that their great great grandparents made. And black people automatically assume the world is indebted because of events that transpired in the past.

But people in the class do not understand that "Black pride", as a concept, was formed in response to centuries of enslavement and oppression. This concept worked to counter racist stereotypes against Black people and was an attempt to re-value African Americans, when mainstream white culture was trying to do exactly the opposite.

White people, however, were not enslaved as a race. There never have been laws, equivalent to Jim Crow, that discriminate legally and/or socially against Caucasians. Also, the most prevalent images of power, success and beauty are white.

White pride is a concept and a phrase use as doctrine of Neo-Nazi and other white supremacist groups. Not just pride in oneself -- but pride in the white race. There are many things that the white race should NOT be proud of. I am not advocating for shame or guilt, but rather for humble recognition of wrongs and daily footsteps to be fair minded, and just.

White pride is not a response to centuries of oppression. Rather, it is a term being used by White Power groups to make their hateful agenda seem easier to swallow (so to speak) or palatable for use of a better word, to the average white American. These groups are heavily recruiting right now -- and one of their tactics is to garner support for the idea of White Pride. Are you in or are you out?

I am of mixed ancestry, and proud of all of my roots - including my white relatives. (I am proud of what they did right, and hope that they have learned and progressed, where they were wrong.) I am also proud of all the white people who have fought for social justice throughout the centuries. I cannot say, however, that I am proud of the white race in general. During the time of slavery, there was mass denial by white people of the evils committed. White folks -- who considered themselves Christian -- were able to rationalize and ignore the most barbaric and inhumane behavior. What does it mean that today when such a small percentage of white people even recognize racism as a serious problem? I am not proud of denial, fear or ignorance!!!

I do not mean that white Americans are bound to shame and guilt for something our ancestors did. It does mean taking a good look at how a society founded on slavery, continues to be haunted by the remnants of this inhumane economic system even today.

We are an under-educated country in regards to the history of racism, and that makes us susceptible to racist ideas that are being pushed right now. If we do not know the history of systematic disenfranchisement of certain racial groups, we are more apt to believe the myth that people of color have asked for any social inequality that they receive.

"A battle lost or won is easily described, understood, and appreciated, but the moral growth of a great nation requires reflection, as well as observation, to appreciate it." - Frederick Douglass, American abolitionist

Saturday, April 11, 2009

Marijuana and the Unjust War

Marijuana and the Unjust War
Americans will hear the expression “War on Drugs” thrown around in our schools, churches, from our parents and friends, on the television, in the newspaper, on the Internet, and throughout history. This slogan or buzzword originated by the US federal government is used to define an initiative that dates back three decades ago. This drug war agenda is our nation’s attempt to shrink the illegal drug use and abuse by Americans. President George H.W. Bush announced on television that drug abuse is, “our nation's most serious domestic problem” (Beckett 1997, p. 6). The federal government has squeezed billions and billions out of the taxpayer’s pocket to fund this endless war. The war on drugs wastes money, fails to reduce crime, overloads prisons, and yet drugs are even easier to attain and cheaper than ever before.

The war on drugs is a controversial campaign led by the United States government to prohibit drug use, reduce illegal drug trade, and promote anti-drug education. This drug trafficking prevention program began on June 17, 1971 when former President Nixon refers to drug abuse as, “public enemy number one in the United States” (PBS, n.d., ¶ 9). Although the drug war began with the Nixon presidency, it was not until the Reagan administration that it became a principle campaign. The government has spent more and more taxpayer’s money on the war on drugs since the beginning by developing numerous laws, acts, organizations, and policies to continue and increase the efforts of the war on drugs (National Public Radio, 2007).

The government establishes rigorous laws to protect citizens and to attempt to obtain a “drug-free” America; however, these regulations dramatically impact society, both drug abusers and law abiding citizens. Billions of our taxpaying dollars go to this never-ending battle, whether it is imprisoning marijuana drug-users (who make almost 50% of the drug-related charges), or spending billions on prevention. According to Wallace & Magnuson, (2007) “Under harsh drug-sentencing laws, the number of Americans behind bars on drug charges has soared by 1,100 percent since 1980” (¶ 82). America has spent over five-hundred billion dollars and 30 years on this drug war. Marijuana (also known as cannabis) and related offenses are the focus of this drug war (Wallace & Magnuson, 2007).

The laws that structure the war on drugs undermine our constitutional rights. This war violates our freedom of speech and our rights to unwarranted search and seizures (Drug Policy Alliance Network, n.d.). The drug war violates civil rights by incarcerating a majority of African-American, Latino, and poverty-level Caucasians. The war on drugs has increasingly started imprisoning women due to mandatory minimum sentencing drawn up by the zero-tolerance drug policy (Avakian, 2007). This policy has ripped parents away from their children and put their father or mother behind bars because of a marijuana possession charge. By enforcing these laws, it increases on violence both within our communities and throughout the nation. Additionally, with this raging war come the consequences of increased violence. Because of the illegality of such drugs, there is violence between drug lords, kingpins, gangs and any other competitors within the black market. The drug war affects us regularly by increasing our risk of catching a blood-borne disease. Having sterile syringes available to the public, would greatly benefit drug users. People are going to use drugs, even if they are illegal. By keeping sterile syringes away, it does not help prevent drug use. Drug abusers will use the needles, even if they are unsafe if the addiction is strong enough (Drug Policy Alliance Network, 2006). According to the Center for Disease Control (2005), “As of 2004, injection drug use accounted for about one-fifth of all HIV infections and most hepatitis C infections in the United States” (¶ 2). But by having syringes readily available to the public, it would help prevent serious diseases. (CDC, 2005).

Violence and crime reek havoc with this drug war. Police raids cause numerous wrongful deaths in both innocent victims and law enforcement. Dealers and users feel the need to carry protection, thus increasing the risk of a deadly encounter with law enforcement. There have been cases where DEA (Drug Enforcement Agency) raids have gone awry and lives have been lost due to a wrong street address or mistake in identity (Benson & Rasmussen, 2000). Additionally, Radley Balko, author of “Overkill: The Rise of Paramilitary Drug Raids in America,” reports (2006), “Homeowners who understandably mistake police for criminal intruders and put up resistance risk injury, death, or prosecution.” Another area that remains an issue with the drug war is police corruption. There have been numerous cases where law enforcement officials engaged in criminal activity or accepted bribery from drug traffickers (Peet, 2002). With the war on drugs, comes an increased risk of violence.

While the focus of the War on Drugs seems to be on marijuana drug users, much more harmful drugs are on the streets. Methamphetamine, known as “Crystal Meth” is a common illegal street drug. Crystal Meth has become prevalent because is easily made with common goods including cleaning products found within one’s home, all which can be obtained legally (National Institute of Drug Abuse NIDA, 2008). The US Department of Justice (USDOJ) declares, “Meth is so addictive, the distance between the short and long term effects may not be very long” (n.d., ¶ 19). This highly addictive stimulant drug causes severe mental and physical damage to user. Furthermore, USDOJ reports that, “Meth users also consume excess sugared, carbonated soft drinks, tend to neglect personal hygiene, grind their teeth and clench their jaws, leading to what is commonly called ‘meth mouth.’ Teeth can eventually fall out of users’ mouths—even as they do simple things like eating a sandwich” (n.d., ¶ 16). There is a significant risk of death associated with this toxic drug along with long-lasting, debilitating effects, some of which takes years to recover (NIDA, 2008). Methamphetamine not only affects the user, but the communities surrounding the dealer or the producer of this toxic drug. Meth is very flammable and USDOJ states that Crystal Meth, “also generate highly explosive gases” (2008, ¶ 21). USDOJ also reports, “Every pound of meth made can generate up to five pounds of toxic waste that may seep into the soil and groundwater “(2008, ¶ 20). Although, the anti-drug counsel targets marijuana in their ads, alcohol and cigarettes are the most prevalent substances in high school, young teenagers, and throughout the US. According to the former Surgeon General, C. Everett Koop (1988), “Nicotine is more addictive than either cocaine or heroin,” yet, it is easily available to anyone including underage teenagers (Long, 2007). The Anti-drug campaign that targets teenagers to help educate teens on the risks involved with drugs shown a decrease in drug use; however, did not show any change to heroine and showed an increase in alcohol use (Curley, 2003). Alcohol has a more deadly reputation than marijuana ever has or will. Centers for Disease Control (2003) states, “20,687 alcohol-induced deaths (excluding accidents and homicides)” (¶ 2). There are no reports or data collected that states of any deaths related to marijuana overdoses or usage unless combined with other drugs (Drug Rehab, n.d.).

Treatment solutions are less costly and have better success rates than incarceration alone. NIDA declares, "According to several conservative estimates, every $1 invested in addiction treatment programs yields a return of between $4 and $7 in reduced drug-related crime, criminal justice costs, and theft alone. When savings related to healthcare are included, total savings can exceed costs by a ratio of 12 to 1“(2003, ¶ 10).

Drugs cause danger that fringe across the borders of the US. Over the past few years, our government has struggled immensely with drug trafficking involved with Latin America. This vast territory is the most significant exporter of cannabis and cocaine across the globe. Violence and crime go side-by-side with drug trafficking; In Mexico, the hub that supplies narcotic-related illegal drugs into the US, had a total of five-thousand casualties accumulated in this past year. In order to reduce drug trafficking, the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 announced the HIDTA (High-Intensity Drug Trafficking Area) Program, which has the goal of concentrating drug control efforts in significant drug trafficking areas to protect the U.S. borders from the threat that drugs smuggled across impose. Concentrating efforts in these critical areas will seek to choke the flow, and thereby shield the country, from a flood of drugs. The HIDTA Program integrates the efforts of drug control agencies to share intelligence, conduct joint investigations, interdict drugs, and prosecute drug traffickers (North Carolina Judicial Review System, n.d.). This Drug Trafficking Program is considered to be questionably effective and its funding was reduced by former President Bush in 2004 (Stop the Drug War, 2004).

In order to ensure that drug users were getting imprisoned, in 1986 mandatory minimums sentences were passed by Congress. This law forced judges to give fixed sentences which did not take into account culpability or other mitigating factors. This was intended to target drug kingpins and violators in charge of managing large networks that distribute the illegal drugs. Of the violators that were served mandatory minimum sentencing only 11% of federal drug defendants were considered high-level drug dealers. This has left our prisons overcrowded in federal drug cases unassociated with high-level activity for which this mandatory minimum sentencing was not intended for (Drug Policy Alliance Network, n.d.). The Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act of 2000 (SACPA) was past with California's proposition 36. In an overview of SACPA is defined as, "an initiative aimed at rehabilitating rather than incarcerating non-violent drug possession offenders” (California Connected, 2001, ¶ 5). California residents under probation can undergo treatment. This would save an estimated $250 million a year imprisonment costs. In addition, it saves in operations cost an estimated 40 million per year (Drug Policy Alliance, 2002). The Bureau of Justice Statistics (2006) reports that 12.5 percent of all federal and state prisoners are currently incarcerated for only marijuana related drug offences. This incarceration costs taxpayers $1 Billion annually to imprison members of our society that have violated our country's marijuana laws (NORML, 2006). Incarceration bears a heavy toll on tax-payers; however, with treatment programs offered, it would save money and improve the likelihood of drug abusers relapse.

The war on drugs is in the midst of a transformation with the Obama administration. President Obama recently announced that his drug czar will be Seattle’s police chief, R. Gil Kerilikowske. New drug czar, Kerilikowske states (2009), "Our nation's drug problem is one of human suffering, and as a police officer but also in my own family, I have experienced the effects that drugs can have” (MSNBC, ¶ 5 ). The goal in this reform of the drug war is to focus on treatment, rather than incarceration. The decision has stirred up controversy under the Obama administration. This dramatic change will be the first time since President Nixon that non-violent, first-time offenders have an opportunity to serve their sentence in rehabilitation rather than jail time.

There will be recreational drugs as long as there are humans on this earth. Marijuana is an illegal drug, that side effects are extremely moderate when compared to cigarettes and alcohol. Marijuana is unfairly targeted when there are more severe harmful substances on the streets today. Dan Eggen from The Washington Post (2005), reports” The focus of the drug war in the United States has shifted significantly over the past decade from hard drugs to marijuana, which now accounts for nearly half of all drug arrests nationwide” (¶ 1). "Cannabis remains by far the most commonly used drug in the world” (United Nations, 2006, p. 23). Marijuana, which was made illegal in 1937, has been used by more than 97 million Americans today (US Department of Health and Human Services, 2006, p 224). Kappeler, Blumberg, and Potter, authors of, “The Mythology of Crime and Criminal Justice” stated “Drug control policy has not failed for lack of resources, funding, legal powers, or adequate personnel. It has failed because the problem is not amenable to a criminal justice solution.”(2000, p. 167).

References:

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Tuesday, February 24, 2009

Capital Punishment...its not Justice, Its Revenge

Capital Punishment is barbaric, immoral in principle, unfair and shows prejudice in our government. Capital Punishment, referred to as the Death Penalty, is unconstitutional. From 1972 to 1976, capital punishment was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, stating that it was cruel and unusual punishment under the Eighth Amendment (Death Penalty Information Center, 1998). No other human should have the choice to end another’s life. It is unjust, unfair, and inhumane.

Capital Punishment is significantly influenced by race. “Even under the most sophisticated death penalty statues, race continues to play a major role in determining who shall live and who shall die,” stated by Justice Harry Blackmun (Death Penalty Information Center, 2008).

Studies show that individuals committing crime against Caucasian or white people are more likely to be convicted to death penalty than those who committed crime against African American individuals. The Chief District Attorneys around the country, who make the decision whether to convict capital punishment and use the Death Penalty, are almost 98% white, while only 1% are African-American (Death Penalty Information Center, 1998). By stating this, we are not only violating the Eighth amendment, we are violating the Fourteenth amendment which summarizes, “Anyone born or naturalized in the United States is a citizen. All citizens are entitled to due process (basic fairness), according to the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. Laws must be enacted and enforced in a way that treats people equally” (Encarta Encylopedia, 1868). If we do not engage in a fair justice system, we cannot constitute fair decisions for offenders upon race.

Capital Punishment is bias based on class and economic status. Offenders who are able to afford high-priced lawyers are more likely to escape execution. It is commonly known that money equals power. When you are wealthy it is easier to find the best lawyers who know the law inside and out, these lawyers know the angles to any given situation and get paid to find loopholes in the justice system. Individuals who are poor have to depend on Public Counsel who are unqualified and lack the ability needed to defend these individuals.

A common misconception is it is more expensive for a prisoner to be sentenced to life than to be marked for the death penalty. The death penalty is very costly and exhausts money from the state that could be utilized for education and social programs. According to a report by the Tennessee Comptroller of the Treasury (2004), ”Death penalty trials cost an average of 48% more than the average costs of trails in which prosecutors seek life imprisonment” (Death Penalty Information Center, 2008). The fact that it costs more to the state to prosecute the death penalty than life in prison is another reason to oppose Capital Punishment.

Although some would like to think otherwise, there is no evidence that the death penalty deters crime. In fact, “when comparisons are made between states with the death penalty and states without, the majority of death penalty states show murder rates higher than non-death penalty states” (Death Penalty Information Center, 2008). The issue of deterrence has been examined extensively and all evidence shows that capital punishment does not prevent murder or make us more secure.

Capital punishement serves no purpose for the American people; it only bleeds the state funds and budgets dry. Innocent people have been accused and executed. Death penalty discriminates on the basis of race and socioeconomic status. Capital punishment is a violation of human rights and abuse of government and state authority. No one should be able to make a decision to end another human-beings life.


References:

Constitution. (n.d.) In Encarta Encylopedia. Retrieved January 17, 2009, from http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761569008/Constitution_of_the_United_States.html#p331

Death Penalty Information Center. (2008). Deterrence: States Without the Death Penalty Have Had Consistently Lower Murder Rates. Retrieved January 17, 2009, from http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/deterrence-states-without-death-penalty-have-had-consistently-lower-murder-rates

Death Penalty Information Center. (1998). The Death Penalty in Black and White: Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Decides. Retrieved January 18, 2009 from
http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/death-penalty-black-and-white-who-lives-who-dies-who-decides

Death Penalty Information Center. (2008). Costs of the Death Penalty. Retrieved January 15, 2009. From http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/costs-death-penalty

Death Penalty Information Center. (2008). Arbitrariness. Retrieved January 18, 2009. from http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/arbitrariness